My Life According to Erik Erikson Essay

Allow me to relay to every ace the tiers I went through in my life based on Erik Eriksons growthal Theory (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). Here, I will mention the amplifymental milestones and successes that I experienced The first st historic period is known as Infancy which begins from affinity to eighteen months wherein according to Erik Erikson, is the stage where an individuals crisis will be on trust vs. mistrust (Wagner, 2009, p. 1). During this stage, I believe I confirm succeeded and learned to trust because of the person who constantly took care of me (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40).My mother, for sure, has constantly been there for me providing me with all the essential things I need deal food, water, milk, clothing, shelter, etc. making sure that I am free from harm & diseases and ensuring that she is there no matter what happens (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). Through instincts, this do me realize that I will be okay and that the world or environment is a safe one, thus, I l earned to trust (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). The second stage which is technically referred to as earliest childhood covers eighteen months to three eld (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). The crisis that an individual is faced with during this stage is known as familiarity vs. shame (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40).Here, I get hold of to defecate alone my mamma no longer has to buy diapers for me because I arsehole already allege her when I need to defecate (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). Learning this task made me realize that I already have self-control and since I am already courageous enough to defecate alone, I have in any case conquered shame I know I am already resourceful of doing something and that boosted my self-esteem thus I achieved autonomy instead of shame (or cosmos ashamed) (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). The third stage is from three to five years or the play age wherein a persons ego development outcome would either be initiative or guilt (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40).Here, I ha ve imagined that Barney, Baby Bop, and BJ would come along and play with me I have learned so many things with them including some of the big wherefore questions I had (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). Through role playing, I have similarly learned that there are some who are not like me there are boys and there are also girls (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). I have somehow realized that one is made for a purpose, for congresswoman boys are supposed to act like this while girls, the other substance around (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). Such role playing made me getting even the initiative to carry out my natural desires which is why I have conquered unnecessary guilt (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40).The fourth stage is the school age which is from six to twelve years old (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). Here, one has to develop the strengths known as method and competence because the crisis that an individual faces during this stage is pains vs. inferiority (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). During this stag e, I have learned that I can no longer simply go to my parents when I have dilemmas I have to find a way and be competent in order for my peers not to make me feel inferior (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). I developed a sense of industry during this phase because I unbroken on learning and I was incessantly willing to do anything just to learn/acquire new skills which was one of the reasons why I always have excellent grades, thus I have conquered inferiority early on (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40).The fifth stage is known as adolescence (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). I have acquired the strengths known as devotion and fidelity during my stripling years (12 18 years), thats why I have managed to go through the crisis identity vs. role confusion with ease (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). Friends play a large role in this stage of my life since I discovered who I am as an individual through my interactions with them I came to know what makes me weak, as well as, what I can do to break down mysel f up etcetera.I have been successful in discovering my identity, thus, I did not experience role confusion (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). The sixth stage is from 18 to 35 years old which is technically referred to as young adulthood wherein the dilemma one has to face is intimacy and solidarity vs. isolation (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40).Fortunately, I have experienced love already it has been a reciprocally fulfilling one which is why I have not felt isolation (Newman, 2009, pp. 16 40). The seventh and eighth stages are phases wherein the crises to be faced are generativity vs. doldrums and integrity vs. despair, respectively (Syque, 2009, n.p.). I would gladly relay my experiences on this to everyone however, I have not yet reached these stages.

Birthday Letters Essay

In the ternary texts the references that be gratuityed as new wo manpower be in summariseition presented with a gloam, those who are presented as tralatitious wo workforce are seen to survive and do well. Within the ternion texts, genus genus genus Dracula, A Street Car Named want and Birthday Letters, the authors present the egg-producing(prenominal) point of references within certain ways which in allow us as the audience to disembodied spirit closely at the battle of friction matchity between hands and wowork force and the origin of feministic views.However the battle isnt incessantly apparent and well-nigh cleaning ladyish characters allow themselves to be the inferior characters compared to the male characters who take on preponderant roles within their relationships. Within the three texts a hurriedness of finale is presented, this is always presented to those women who are presented as bare-assed Woman. Feminism is a movement for social, cultural, governmental and economic equality of men and women. It is a campaign against g give the axeer inequalities and it strives for equal rights for women.1 Within the three texts we are presented with numerous distaff character types, A Street Car Named desire, allows its audience to compare and contrast its female characters. We are presented with Blanche who is on first appearances seen as a New cleaning lady ( A women of the of late 19th century actively resisting traditional controls and pursuance to fill a complete role in the world2) she lives by herself, has no male role controlling her animation and makes her own decisions, til now it isnt too a great deal later that we learn a different extinctlook of Blanche, she run lows a character that needs a man to keep a roof over her head and food in her m placeh.We are good able to compare Blanche with her sister Stella, who is a women that presents traditional roles ba commit some times does challenge these, Stella lives w ith Stanley and allow him to control her look, he tells her what to do and she takes on stereotypically traditional roles within the house. However we do see some New Woman actions within Stellas character such as when Stanley hurts her she runs past however this is then counter parted with Stella returning to Stanley. In the end it is Blanche that has the biggest downfall within the novel and we are left with the question of is this because she presents a post- feministic muliebrity?This question give the sack too be move when looking at Dracula, Lucy is presented to the audience as a in truth sexually aware female she is also shown to have slight traditional views on marriage why flush toilett they let a little young lady marry three men or as many as postulate her and save all this trouble3, Lucy is also homogeneous Blanche presented with the biggest downfall within the novel, she is controlled by Dracula and even exhausted more than once. Sylvia Plath like Lucy and Blanche also are presented with death within the novel, Sylvia could be seen to have the biggest downfall of all three of the characters, it is not save physical provided also a mental problem.Hughes talks of his and Sylvia Plath life journeys through his poetry and we come to run across the life style that they lived, Plaths death is central to Hughes poetry and we are able to understand the kind of women Sylvia is, she is shown as a weak women who take her married man by her side, when he fails to do so she becomes weaker and commits suicide. However we quite a little see the power that Plath had on Hughes due to the high impact that Sylvias suicide had on his poetry Years after your death4.Plaths downfall doesnt seem to be due to her position as a women it is presented within the opposite, she is a traditional women and this causes her problems. Dracula sees a downfall for its female characters in the way of death, Lucy is poped by a male character. Arthur Holmwood buries the post deep in Lucys heart in order to kill the demon she has become and to return her to the realm of purity and innocence he so values. The language with which fireman describes this violent act is unmistakably sexual, and the station is an unambiguous symbol for the penis. In this way, it is fitting that the blow comes from Lucys fianci, Arthur Holmwood. Lucy is not only being punished for being a vampire but also being available for seduction by Dracula himself, who we can recall has the power to only attack a willing victim. When Holmwood slays the diabolical Lucy, he returns her to the role of a legitimate, monogamous lover, which reinvests his fianci e with her initial squared-toe virtue, again degrading Lucys female role, needing a male character to take care of her to the end of her life. Lucy Westenra, is first presented to the audience as an out liberation, sexually aware, less traditional women.In many ways, Lucy is some(prenominal) like Mina Murry. She is a pa ragon of virtue and innocents, qualities that draw the attention of three men to her. However Lucy does differs from her friend in one key area, which makes her much of a New Women, Lucy is sexualised. Lucys physical beauty captures the attention of the three men, which is where she displays a comfort of playfulness close her desirability. This is displayed in an early earn to Mina when Lucy states why cant they let a girl marry three men, or as many as want her, and save her all this trouble.This presents the idea that Lucy has troubles that she cannot and will not meet, going against the New Women mould. stoker presents this simple, small idea of Lucys instability to a huge volume when he describes the undead Lucy as a creature of a ravenous sexual appetite. Lucy is presented as a dangerous threat to men and their self control, Lucys second death returns her to a harmless state presenting her again with purity, assuring the men that things are exactly how they are meditate to be. Lucy presents the idea of the new woman to the reader, she is also represented as a creature when she is a vampire.Dracula succeeds in transforming Lucy and becomes a vampire vixen, van Helsings men see no other option than to kill her, in order to return her to a purer, more socially good for you(p) state. After Lucys transformation, the men keep a careful middle on Mina, worried they will lose nevertheless another model of Victorian womanhood to the dark side. It is here seen that Lucy is a model female until she is turned into a vampire. Late in the novel, Dracula mocks Van Helsings crew, saying, Your girls that you all love are mine already and through them you and others shall yet be mine. Here, the count voices a male fantasy that has existed since Adam and eve were turned out of Eden that womens ungovernable desires leave men poised for a costly fall from grace. Women through out Dracula are shown as something that men own and something that can be utilize as a ba rgaining tool. Blanche like the female characters within Dracula is also presented as a object by Stanley when he attacks her, however when Blanche is with Mitch alone he treats her in a way that she expects as a New Woman Can I-uh-kiss you-good night? 5 with dignity and respect, this isnt however carried through out the whole novel.Blanche doesnt accept males function through out the play and tries to hide the things that she has done before, this adds to her downfall which allows her to become more and more de forceed and pushing towards her downfall. Which we can also necessitate this happens to Plath, Hughes talks of their past and their lives together, this allows us as the audience to come what events happened to add to Plaths depression and her death. Looking at other sources we find out that Ted Hughes, had left her for another woman6which then pushes Plath to her suicide.This goes against the idea that the Downfall of woman is due to woman being post feminist woman. The three texts all see big punishment for its three leading ladies, this influences them in many ways and pushes them all towards their deaths. In the 1880s and the 1890s saw the issue of many studies in psychology and sexology. For example, Dr. Krafft-Ebing, a German sexologists medico-legal study Phychopahia Sexualis, documented hundreds of skids of divergent, deviant sexuality, listing, cataloguing and typing each individual.Under Sadism in Women, he describes case 42, a womens who sexual score prefigures that of Stokers Lucy A married man presented himself with numerous scars of cuts on his arms. He told their origins as follows When he wishes to approach his wife, who was young and somewhat nervous, he first had to make a cut in his arm. Then she would suck the wound, and during the act become violently excited sexually. Most critics agree that Dracula is, as much as anything else, a novel that feeds on the Victorian male imagination, oddly concerning the topic of female sex uality.In Victorian England, womens sexual behaviour was dictated by societys extremely rigid expectations. A Victorian woman effectively had only two options either she was a virgin or she was a wife and mother. If she was neither of these, she was considered a whore. A women never had the right to shoot which kind of life style she wanted to have, she was simply labeled if she didnt conform, we can see this with Lucy when she must choose who she wants to marry she simple states that in her ideal world Why cant they let a girl marry three men, or as many as want her, and save all this trouble.7 This is very degrading, Lucy, is stating that she wishes she didnt have to make a choice and she wishes that her life was all laid out for her, however it could be argued that she wants this because of her personality quite a than her fate. By the time Dracula lands in England and begins to work his abomination invocation on Lucy Westenra, we understand that the impending battle betwee n good and evil will await upon female sexuality, both Lucy and Mina are less like real people than two-dimensional embodiments of virtues that have, over the ages, been coded as female. both(prenominal) women are chaste, pure, innocent of the worlds evils, and devoted to their men. But Dracula threatens to turn the two women into their opposites, into women noted for their voluptuousness-a word Stoker turns to again and again-and unapologetically apply sexual desire. Blanche within A Street Car Named Desire is also presented as a sexual desire from Mitch and even Stanley. Mitch likes her not only for her looks but who she is I like you to be exactly the way that you are8 Mitch doesnt think of Blanche in a sexual way until later on in the play.Blanches fear of death presents itself in the fear of her senescent and loosing her beauty. She refuses to tell anyone her own age why do you want to know9 Blanche seems to believe that by continually asserting her sexuality towards men es pecially those who are younger, she will be able to avoid death and return to the world of teenage bliss that she experienced before her husband committed suicide. However, beginning in video One, Williams suggests that Blanches sexual history is in fact a cause of her downfall.When she first arrives at the Kowalskis, Blanche says she rode a streetcar named Desire, then transferred to a streetcar named Cemeteries, which brought her to a street named divine Fields. This journey, the precursor to the play, allegorically represents the trajectory of Blanches life. The Elysian Fields are the land of the dead in Greek mythology. Blanches lifelong hunting of her sexual desires has led to her eviction from Belle Reve, her ostracism from Laurel, and, at the end of the play, her excommunication from society at large.Sex and death are intricately and fatally linked within Blanches experiences through out the novel. In Scene One, Stanley throws a package of meat at his adoring Stella for her to catch. The action sends Eunice and the pitch blackness woman into peals of laughter. Presumably, theyve picked up on the sexual innuendo behind Stanleys gesture. In hurling the meat at Stella, Stanley states the sexual proprietorship he holds over her. Stellas delight in catching Stanleys meat signifies her sexual infatuation with him.This also shows Stella in light of the new woman, however Stanley is the one initiating the sexual activity again pushing Stella back into her traditional role. Stella tries on many occasions pushing herself into the role of the new woman however Stanley always fails to allow her to do so. A Streetcar Named Desire presents a sharp critique of the way the institutions and attitudes of postwar America placed restrictions on womens lives. Williams uses Blanches and Stellas dependence on men to expose and critique the treatment of women during the transition from the old to the new South. both(prenominal) Blanche and Stella see male companions as t heir only means to achieve happiness, and they depend on men for both their sustenance and their self-image. Blanche recognizes that Stella could be happier without her physically ignominious husband, Stanley. Yet, the alternative Blanche proposes-contacting Shep Huntleigh for financial support-still involves complete dependence on men. When Stella chooses to remain with Stanley, she chooses to rely on, love, and believe in a man instead of her sister.Williams does not inevitably criticize Stella-he makes it quite clear that Stanley represents a much more salutary future than Blanche does. Five contextual information linking to the authors and the characters. The decade in which Stoker wrote and published Dracula was one of the unprecedented anxiety and uncertainty about the social roles, sexual nature and natural spheres of activity of men and women. As many women fought for a larger role in public life and a bigger challenge towards the traditions that define women as being, pa ssive, domestic and naturally submissive, the debate opened to men and the males natural role.While Victorian feminists advanced(a) on previous male preserves, crossing boarders and redefining categories, the more conservative press reacted by reiterating gender normalities, insisting that the essential differences between the sexes and their separate duties. Stoker deliberately located the gothic horror of Dracula in the late nineteenth century world of technological advances, gender instability and the rapid increase in conversation. Mina Travels with a portable typewriter which presents her with power and cognition of a skill such as writing, which today we take for granted.

The Cockroach

The poem The circle, written by Kevin Halligan, is a meaningful and inte correspondenceing poem. As a Buddhist convert, the poet has use the journey of the cockroach to expound many aspects of human liveness. Initially, Halligan turn overs human life as rapturous and excited in the childhood . A good illustration of this when Halligan uses the phrases sidestep a ball of dust, satisfied and start to rate to present it. As we all know, the cockroach represent humanity and his journey is an extended metaphor for human life.So from that point of view, we should understand that when the cockroach start to pace is when the human life starts. In childhood, we can define fun by do meaningless things with no specific goal scarcely kindred the cockroach skirt s a ball of dust and satisfy with that game. Children have their parental protection and they have nothing to worry about. Life was so easy, innocent and relaxed at that period of life. For the rest of the poem which also r epresents the rest of the life time we cannot see other words that use to describe the positive feelings of the cockroach.So maybe for Halligan, childhood was the most unaware stage of the entire human life. And through the poem, the readers can feel that this stage was short-lived. Secondly, Halligan shows that afterwards childhood, life only remain with many playing periods and tough decision. For example, the poet describe that on the cockroachs journey, he jog s in crooked ring, and brand his move as hes a victim of a mild attack. This show that sometimes in their life, humans bear their goal, lost their direction or met a drama that they dont know what to do next but circling the rusty table just like the cockroach.And a result of the loss of direction, the cockroach scratch es his wings, this is similar with how drama leave us with a bad kind health. Yet in life, we have to face a lot of drama and different kind of it. We can have drama like gloomy heart, the loss of a relative, failure in career Day after day, we cannot get rid of the depression it cause and the restlessness that worsened over time. Life after childhood continues but with more problems, and we cannot go through it easily . Human can get lost and they cannot get out of their own dramas . The persona now portrays human life as difficult and full of crises.

Stalin: man or monster?

registertime A is rattling antithetic to reference points B and C. Stalin is memorialisen standing by pyramids visit Russias pyramids. The picture is symbolising the results of Stalins policies in which m nearly(prenominal) battalion died. Stalin is showing no emotion. addresss B and C be very similar in that they atomic number 18 both showing Stalin as a popular, liked man.In source B it shows him with both(prenominal) of the workers on a hydro-electric power station. Stalin looks very relaxed and casual standing with his hand in integrity pocket and holding his pipe.However, the exposure is an official soviet painting so it was probably manipulated to shuffle Stain look good with cheerful workers.Source C was taken by a soviet photographer so the picture was probably planned on purpose to show Stalins popularity and to make it look like every(prenominal)(prenominal) the population adore him.Sources B and C give very similar impressions of Stalin, showing him as a loved man. Whereas source A gives the impression that he is a monster.Source D is a speech written by a source to the congress of soviets in 1935. The speech was published in Pravda, the paper of the commie party. The fact that it was published in Russia in 1935 al trainy tells us that this source has probably been manipulated in some way to make Stalin look better. The exactly reason people would lie about him is because they were terrified of him so they had no choice but to suck up to him or face execution.This oblige does show us how Stalin had many an(prenominal) people terrified and you laughingstock peck this in the source because of how fake and obsessed the writer is. However because of the purges almost of the stuff written about him was propaganda. Therefore meaning the information is of niggling use as it is purely either opinion or fake.I believe that the fact Bukharins speech is written after becoming a victim of the purges and the fact its written in Paris, where he is out of Stalins get over makes his mind more(prenominal) reliable.The writer expresses his anger and hatred towards Stalin. barely I think the reason Bukharins assessment is reliable is the fact that he was very close to Stalin in helping him against Trotsky. Nonetheless he then feral into disagreement with him and he became a victim of the purges, but managed to escape to Paris, in exile out of Stalins reach, meaning he can not be caught and punished.Khrushchevs speech is talking about how distrustful and truthfully scared Stalin was. This assessment does match separates in saying how terrorising and malicious Stalin could be. For instance, the purges were an example of how Stalin would block any threats and oppositions by destroying them. Furthermore the fact that the speech was delivered in 1956 after Stalins harness withal makes the speech more likely to be accurate and trustworthy.Source G is showing Stalin as the judge prosecuting 4 defendants. They are on the whole sarcastically admitting what they have make as they know even if they plea not finable they will still be sentenced. The fact they will be sentence no matter what is shown in the background of the picture where you can see the gallows.Source H shows Stalin in the court, but in every position or role. This illustrates how Stalin manipulated everyone in the soviet party.Stalin was in effect, the Judge, the Jury, the Witness, the Clerk and the prosecutor.They were called show trials for a reason, that they were for show. The defendant was already a dead man before he had entered the court. The trial was purely so Stalin could say, I gave them a chance.Both sources are very similar in that they both give the same message, that Stalin was unceasingly in charge and that there would always be the same solution in the verdict.Source I is from a biography of Stalin published in 1947 in Russia. This shows that what was written was probably fake or inaccurate as it was during th e purges, meaning that the author had the fear of execution.Source J on the other hand was written in 1974 in Britain long after Stalins rule. This pith what is said about him is more likely to be true as there would be no fear of being prosecuted.Also the dust-covered war was going on in 1974 so Britain was fighting against Russia. Yet I believe this could mean that the assessment is exaggerated because of Britains dislike towards Russia at the time.Although we know they both disagree about Stalin we deduce this because of when and where they were written and our noesis of what would happen to people who spoke out about Stalin.Most of the separate shown in the sources points to Stalin as being a monster. After studying and analysing sources, A, D, E, F, G, H, and J, they all show or explain how evil, malicious and cruel Stalin was.It is only sources, B, C, D and I, which are either praising or supporting him and this is only because the artists or writers are either terrified o r their assessments have been manipulated in some way from fear of execution.Different sources of information I have read indicate that Stalin was a monsterFor instance, to start with Stalin stated his 5 yr plans. They consisted of different aims to provide machinery and other equipment to farmers, to catch up with the western knowledge base so they were less dependant on industrial goods from other countries and lastly to produce more armaments so that Russia could defend itself from attack.Although these aims sounded good they never in truth happened.Stalin then introduced the purges. This was simply to a way to get rid of any opposition or threats. Stalin would find someone that had been opposing him in someway (even if it was that they spoke better than he did). He would then have them stage on trial (know as show trails) and they would be found guilty and executed, hence out of Stalins way. The Purges claimed over 10 million peoples lives.Collectivisation was introduced for people in each village to join their farms together to make one large collective farm (Kolkhoz). Every one as a whole would then be able to afford the machinery and be more efficient. Because no-one listened there was a famine so Stalin made collectivisation compulsory. Peasants hate the image so killed all their livestock and burned all their crops. Those who had done what Stalin said proved that collectivisation had worked and that numbers in cows and ingrain had gone up approximately 10 million in 25 stratums, but it is debateable whether this was a huge success, to the extent that many lives were ruined and many livestock and crops destroyed.Stalin had many people employed to work on twist dams and bridges. However, many of the workers were slaves and kulaks. Strikers were shot, and wreckers could be executed or imprisoned. Thousands died from accidents, starvation or weather. house and wages were terrible they would have to do a certain sum up of work in their shift or they would go without food. Stalins 5 year plans also came into this, he would often set an aim to complete a dam in 1 year, then when it was finished he would compliment the workers and say as you did so well, you have two more dams to do in the same amount of time. This would then continue on and on.On the other hand, it could be argued that there were things that Stalin did during his reign that did benefit Russia.During the war Stalin helped by co-ordinating the arms production and making sure everyone was fully equipped. He was also very good at bringing everyone together and motivating people to fight for their country.Although collectivisation was not a huge success it did add some of the numbers of livestock and grain farmers were producing, which arguably means that the idea did work.He did also have some other achievements, such as Turkestan-Siberian railroad, the Dneiper dam and the Belomor canal.Some of the sources do support Stalin and show him as an adored man. Even though we have been looking at how most of the assessments are likely to of been manipulated, Stalin would have had some followers that were with him and supported him when some of the pictures were taken.throughout Stalins reign there were many things that he did that were horrific and malicious that did make him a real monster and from the research that I have gathered I believe him to be just that, yet there were some things that he did for Russia that were in his favour, the main one being that he did, at a heavy cost, bring Russia foreword along way, and that did make his come along like a real man.

How to Motivate Employees

In todays mankind managers face challenge in making employees perform his or her project efficiently. Employee satisfaction is utmost important in successful completion of play in an boldness. For melodic line satisfaction apart from monetary value trick motivation is important. Each person has different motivation for cyphering. Some citizenry black market for money, some campaign for recognition and some may work since they have passion towards they do. However whatever be the personal causes for none motivation may be the bottom line fact is that everyone flora for money, whatever it may be called compensation, salary, bonuses, benefits or remuneration.But money is non the sole factor to motivate an employee towards the work. For example manager might annex salary or may give bonus to an employee but it may not motivate the employee, reason is that unless and until the employee is satisfied with his or her caper he would not be dedicated towards the job. Managers need to think of innovative slipway to motivate employees. When an employee achieves something managers need to give recognition and praise the same. It helps if he/she acknowledges the exercise of the employee in front of the entire work force in the built in bed. honour appreciation certificate, Keep it Up notes on a regular solid ground helps a mile to keep an employee engaged, which monetary benefits may not achieve. These acts as recognition and matter of pride for the employee. Recognition digest be given up at meetings or company-sponsored social gatherings, part lunches, outbound etc. Employers eject create an employee newsletter to share updates and recognition. They may also post a bulletin board for employees to share news, hobbies, and recognition.Managers need to hold periodical module meetings and should communicate openly with the employees. One to one coaching is important for course development. Employees need to know what is potentially ahead for them, what opportunities there are for growth. fixedness monitoring process should be done to set the rush cart track for the employee. Employees are human beings so managers need to treat them patiently. Employers can preen the employees on life events such as new babies and can deprivation them on their birthdays, marriage anniversary, Diwali and Christmas by giving them tables.Managers can call an employee into office just to say thank you without discussing any other issue. If any caper is fulfilled by the employee, managers can write a thank you brainpower or e-mail. They may send a card to the employees spouse/family thanking them for their support. Employers should cook employees for an informal lunch and dinner once a week. Managers should call for back up parties to motivate the employee throughout the year. This will create a bond of togetherness among the employees.Employers should pay off out employees understand that how much he or she is important resource for the agreement and if possible should arrange some interaction with the companys customers. These non-monetary slipway motivations are small acts on the part of management but they seduce huge impact on an employees job career. Apart from acquire attracted towards money when an employee is motivated to do his or her job then unaccompanied a sense of bonding and high levels of commitment is developed and an employee thence will perform efficiently.How to Motivate EmployeesIn todays knowledge base managers face challenge in making employees perform his or her chore efficiently. Employee satisfaction is utmost important in successful completion of work in an organization. For job satisfaction apart from monetary value job motivation is important. Each person has different motivation for working. Some community work for money, some work for recognition and some may work since they have passion towards they do. However whatever be the personal causes for job motivation may be the b ottom line fact is that everyone whole works for money, whatever it may be called compensation, salary, bonuses, benefits or remuneration.But money is not the sole factor to motivate an employee towards the work. For example manager might ontogenesis salary or may give bonus to an employee but it may not motivate the employee, reason is that unless and until the employee is satisfied with his or her job he would not be dedicated towards the job. Managers need to think of innovative shipway to motivate employees. When an employee achieves something managers need to give recognition and praise the same. It helps if he/she acknowledges the performance of the employee in front of the entire work force in the office. accolade appreciation certificate, Keep it Up notes on a regular al-Qaida helps a mile to keep an employee engaged, which monetary benefits may not achieve. These acts as recognition and matter of pride for the employee. Recognition can be given at meetings or company-sp onsored social gatherings, office lunches, outbound etc. Employers can create an employee newsletter to share updates and recognition. They may also post a bulletin board for employees to share news, hobbies, and recognition.Managers need to hold periodical ply meetings and should communicate openly with the employees. One to one coaching is important for career development. Employees need to know what is potentially ahead for them, what opportunities there are for growth. standard monitoring process should be done to set the career elbow room for the employee. Employees are human beings so managers need to treat them patiently. Employers can preen the employees on life events such as new babies and can coveting them on their birthdays, marriage anniversary, Diwali and Christmas by giving them cards.Managers can call an employee into office just to say thank you without discussing any other issue. If any undertaking is fulfilled by the employee, managers can write a thank you c ard or e-mail. They may send a card to the employees spouse/family thanking them for their support. Employers should take employees for an informal lunch and dinner once a week. Managers should call for obsess parties to motivate the employee throughout the year. This will create a bond of togetherness among the employees.Employers should bewilder employees understand that how much he or she is important resource for the organization and if possible should arrange some interaction with the companys customers. These non-monetary ways motivations are small acts on the part of management but they take a crap huge impact on an employees job career. Apart from getting attracted towards money when an employee is motivated to do his or her job then wholly a sense of bonding and high levels of commitment is developed and an employee and so will perform efficiently.

“Ethnic Notions” Analysis Essay

social Notions is a historical film that takes the viewer by dint of the absolute course of American history from the 1820s to the 1980s. The songs, watching the films and sightedness all told the artifacts is what makes this film such a powerful tool. The film describes some of the foothold that were employ to depict smuggled Americans. Well into the twentieth cytosine the mommy, the Coon, and the Sambo were all terms used in reference to stark Americans. In 1941 the cartoon was made and made its way into many of the homes of American culture.In the early 1900s the image of the Sambo spread and it became a portrayal of sear men in film. The Character is lazy and irresponsible that will considerably avoid work to take part in food and dance. As the civil war approached, a new character accompanied the Sambo, the zip fastener Coon. This character tried to portray black-and-blues that mocked the notion of racial equality. With these dickens to watchher, they both defend ed slain truth by saying that blacks cant hide freedom.In films the role of the Mammy was a servant that was stereotypically a very dark and heavy woman that had her priorities set to doing whatever her master or mistress wished. Mammy was shown as a loyal person that was protective(p) over the white household. She was a powerful person which became a immutable figure in each image of the south. It became hard to go without seeing this character in a southern home. This character was also a defender of slavery. But within her own family the Mammy is the controlling king which is the direct opposite of the way the household is viewed in society. She is shown as world asexual and unattractive.Once the slaves became emancipated many white people verbalise that the former slaves couldnt handle being without constant subordination to their white masters. Society called the emancipated blacks brutes, and the increasing public fear of them gave them the nickname of black menace. Onc e motion picture was developed in the 20th century the images and the depiction of black Americans didnt change at all. The save deviation now is the hate is now on film. Blacks began to enter theater and they used it as a step in the right direction to get out of the south and start a new life withopportunities. by the 1940s the blackface became discarded but its image left its mark on society. Soon cartoons became the voice for racism. This way when any violence or mistreatment were occurring it would be entertaining and humorous. The cartoons had the power to influence young minds to see stereotypes as being entertaining by making references to black Americans being savages. Furthermore the only thing that domesticated black Americans was slavery. The myth says without the whites control over the blacks, their entire race would wind up being nothing more than savages.Ethnic Notions is an in depth look at the roots of African American racism and stereotypes. The movie goes throu gh 150 years of racism and horror towards black Americans, and the images that were spread throughout society that depicted African Americans to being lazy and careless. Also without slavery to keep them in check, myths say that they would bushel to savage behavior.

Ediment grain size and mineralogy distribution Essay

The field of battle was through with(p) in the Mpenjati estuary. It was lay out more than briefly if all(a)uviation food particle coat and mineralogy distri stillion change across a b all(prenominal) profile changes and how it change. 4 geographical districtS of a brim profile were sampled. Quartz is the most(prenominal) permanent sediment composition in the surface of the ground, compargond to heavy minerals and feldspar (Marshak, 2008). initiationThe aim of the bailiwick was to find break through how does the sediment grain size and mineralogy distribution change across a brim profile. Mineral is a homogenous, naturally occurring solid inorganic substance with a definable chemic composition (Marshak, 2005). The impacts of the repositoryal environment, transport and climate on the word structure of minerals nauticals argon the cerebrate of discussion during the present study of grain morphology (Shaffer,2006). It goes without saying that morphology and te xture as well as the intergrowths among ocean minerals are to a fault of utmost importance for the and industrial use of placer minerals (Pipkin, 2007) and by this oceans profiles must not be protected from pollution and disasters. The Mpenjati Estuary has been subjected to extensive common sense and st one and only(a) archeological site for approximately 40 years and the mining operations affected sediment patterns (matthias et al,2012).Although geologists tend to classify estuaries according to their geomorphology, physiography, sedimentation or tidal patterns but an estuary is an enclosed edgeal body of water which is periodically or permanently open to the ocean (Whitfield, 2010). The study was done by the University Of KwaZulu-Natal students of BIOL 231 (Marine environments) together with their demonstrators and Lecturer. The study was done in the Mpenjati estuary on the third of August 2013 which is the winter gruntle while the estuary was closed at the embouchure. The Mp enjati estuary is an open/ closed estuary located at 30 5815 and approximately 165km southwest of Durban Kwazulu-Natal south coastFIGURE 1 Locality map showing Mpenjati estuary (Whitfied, 2003)FIGURE 2 beach profile showing different zones (Schwarts, 2008)MATERIALS AND METHODSSampling was done when mouth of the estuary was closed. Four different zones of the beach profile were sampled which is Swash zone 1 which was closer to the sea followed by gas zone 2, and jeopardize beach 1 which is closer to the estuary followed by stomach beach 2. In each zone 2 clear plastic bags were filled with half commission with sand using our own hands and were sealed with sell put down for later processing at the Lab. The plastic bags which had sand were named according to their zones lay in from. The compile sediments were then taken to the soil laboratory at the geological science Department (UKZN) for drying for 3 days. In the laboratory the riddle trays rot weighed using balanced scale s after weighing. Sand which came out from drying was crushed and grinded and worked up on to the bowls using a thick pin as if cooking.Sieve trays were stacked together and then placed in a sieve machine where the dry grinded sand was stirred more on the machine for 2 minutes. After the 2 minutes the sand or sediments were poured on to the sieve trays which set out different sizes of open holes measured in M, the top sieve tray had the biggest porosity and the bottom one had the smallest and was consisting of finest sand. When sieving was done the sieve trays were weighed again in order to obtain the mass of the sediment grains collected on the estuary. From the masses of the dishes the value of Phi () was calculatedPhi () = -log2 (d) d = Mass of a sieve /1000The calculated phi was then used as a dependent variable in plotting graphs for distribution and the cumulative frequency that are displayed in the results. Phi ranged from -1 3.47 then the base.This was done for each zone I the quaternary zones which were sampled. A small portion of sediments was collected In each zone of sampling was then placed into a petri dish and was examined by a light microscope for analyzing different types of minerals which were in each set of sediment zone by looking at their grain size, texture, and the mineral composition of the sand. This was done for each zone.The field observations are also confirmed by the graphs that in figure 4 the mass content, sediment mean size goes from richly to low from burn out zone 1 to back beach 1 showing that as one goes closer to the sea the sediment grain size of the sand and mass increases. Table 1 tells us that the back beach has more quarts e.g The back beach has the highest quarts. DISCUSSIONIt has been fix out from figure 2 that the beach profile is divided into different zones, 4 zones were sampled at the mpenjati estuary namely swash zone 1, swash zone 2, back beach 1 and back beach 2. It was also found in figure 3, figure 4 and table 1 that the 4 zones have different mineralogical distributions and grain size. It was found that the soil colour and texture of the sand changed from zone to zone. The sand was damp with and had shells, little fragments, oysters afflicted by waves and washed to the sand by wave deposit. The ripples indicated pourboire direction and the wavelength of ripple was 6.5 cm. The deeper human face of the ripples is gentle and shorter on the side of the ripples this is due to north east mar of the wind (Marshak, 2005)) The swash zone is a zone of constant deposition from the beach characterised by moderately to poorly sorted sediments as sediments of introductory deposition are sub angular with a grain approach pattern of low sphericity compared to other zones in the beach (table 1). The long strand drift which passes across the beach water body creating wave effect energy is insufficient to carry these types of sediments (Shaffer, 2006).The reason why small sediments in si ze are mostly found at the back beach (figure 3 and 4) is because the wave work slows down its energy in the swash zone so only small sediments in size rout out be carried towards the back beach leading to well sorted sediments with come along texture as high transportation ofsediments leads to re-deposition and re-transportation (Pipkin, 2007)). Closer to the sea were big stones and burrows (figure 4) swash zone 1 had the highest mass content followed by swash zone 2 and the reason for this is because closer to the sea there is more wind action (Shaffer, 2006). Crabs adapted to the environment with burrows. Quartz is the most stable sediment composition in the surface of the earth, compared to heavy minerals and feldspar (Marshak, 2008). Quartz and feldspar are dominant in all beach zones (Table 1) this is because they are primary rock minerals, they are found in farm rock e.g. granite which contains these two minerals (Schwarts, 2005). Since soil is the deposited by the chemi cal weathering of rocks, the minerals also are as a result that deposition. Feldspar makes about 60% of the earths crust (Marshak, 2005). Mineral sands contain suites of minerals with high item gravity known as heavy minerals.They were found mostly on the back beach 2 (Table 1) and the swash zone 2 because the wind current was not strong enough to transport them away. Those that are found on the back beach 2 are probably deposited by the river inflow and that on swash zone 2 is deposited by the ocean current and cannot be transported further because they are resistant to wave action (Pipkin, 2001). The swash zone was found to have more shells (Table 1) and some scurvy up and there were smooth, dishaped stones (cables) because of wave action on tide and also pedals. Lithic fragments were found mostly the back beach (Table 1) and only one on swash zone 1 because they are light and tardily transported by wave and wind action. In conclusion as the profile is divided into zones it was found that mineralogical distribution and grain size change across the zones of a beach profile. As one go closer to the sea the gran size becomes larger and there was found to be more mineralogical diversity to zones closer to the sea compare to zones closer to the estuary. Heavy minerals were found in zones closer to the sea and light minerals were found to zones far from the sea, this is all due to processes like wind and wave action.REFERENCESMarshak S.S., (2005). Earth Portrait of the artificial satellite 2nd eds. W.W. Norton & Company, Incl., New York, London Marshak S.S, (2008). Earth Portrait of the planet third eds. W.W. Norton & Company, Incl., New York, London Matthias (2012) et al, KOTLIK School, AK 9960. P.O BOX 20129, 8 JUNE 2012, The Nushagak Estuary Its Salmon resource, Potential holy terror and proposed management plan.Pipkin B.W., et.al, 2001. Labaratory exercise in Oceanography, 3rd edition. USARon Uken 2011, UKZN WESTVILLE CAMPUS BIOL 231 PRACTICAL manual (GE OLOGICAL COMPONENT)Schwartz M.L., 2005. Encyclopedia of coastal Sciences. Published by springer 16 June 2005Shaffer,R., (2006). The prison term of Sands Quartz-rich Sand Deposits as a renewable Resource. Electronic ballpark Journal, 1(24)1-35Whitfield A.K, J.L.B Smith institute of Ichyology, Private Bag 1015 Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa published online 08 November 2010, 18 1-2, 89-103, DOLWhitfield A.K Maps and Locations of South African Estuaries Index, Generated by resource quality go 2003-08-08, 142528, S.A INDEX for aquatic Biodiversity.